Stress and depression scores increased in both placebo and probiotic treated groups during the exam period. ![]() In addition, tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) were administered to all participants. Self-reported measures of stress, depression, sleep quality, physical activity, gastrointestinal symptoms, cognition, and mood were assessed by questionnaire. Post-intervention assessments took place during the university exam period, which was used as a naturalistic chronic stressor. Twenty male students participated in this crossover study. A randomised, placebo-controlled, repeated measures, cross-over intervention study was conducted to examine the effects of a probiotic intervention on measures of stress, cognitive performance, and mood in healthy human volunteers. However, its effects over a period of prolonged stress have not been examined. ![]() longum 1714 has been shown to dampen the effects of acute stress in humans. Variation in the composition of the microbiota and restoration of a stable microbiome using targeted interventions (psychobiotics) including Bifidobacteria have shown promise in pre-clinical studies, but more human data is required on the potential health benefits of these live microorganisms. Targeting the gut microbiome as an effective therapeutic strategy for psychological disorders has shown promise in recent years.
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